Sectional heating boiler



1,619,235 J. B. BERNHARD SECTIONAL HEATING BOILER.

March 1 1927.

Filed March 15, 1922 v INVENTOR;

Jazz; 5. 56m ZtarcZ B) 0% 0% p A TTORNEY Patented Mar. 1, 1927.

JOE-IN B. BERNHARD, OF WARREN, 01-1110, ASSZGNGE- T0 IRONTOE' BERNi-IARD BGILEH COMPANY, OF IRONTON, OHIO, A CGRPURATION 0F OHIO.

SECTEONAL HEATING BOILER.

Application filed IvfarehlS, 1922.

obtain a perfect circulation oi' th'e water in each section so that a steady ater line. is always maintained; at the same time it is sought to obtain the maximum heating etl'ect trom'the gaseous products ot' combustion by the pro ision of a series of expansion chambers, the gases being brou ht into contact with the coldest portion of the heater just before their exit. Incidentally I provide means for thoroughly mixing the gases of combustion with preheated so to insure perfect combustion. 7

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends the invention, then,consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the annexed drawing and the following description setting forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but one 01 var ous mechanical forms in which the principle of the'invention may be used.

In said annexed'drawing Fig. 1 is an exterior side elevation of a heatingboiler embodying my present improvements, such view showing one ot the two complementary end sections; Fig. 2 is a' sideielevation of one of the duplicate intermediate sections with the other parts 01 the boiler shown in more or less diagrammatic outline; and Figs. 3 and 1 are transverse sections taken on the: planes indicated by the lines 33 and 41-4,, respectively, Fig. 2.

'As indicated'in the description of the drawing, the two side members composing the boiler are of complementary form consisting of hollow'niembers or plates 1, of which one only isnecessarily shown in Fig. 1. One or both, of such-end members will be provided with a plurality of openings normally closed by doors 2, 3, vertically one above the other adjacent its edge so as to coincide with lines or chambers formed in the intermediate sections, as will be presently described. Proa and 5, spaced Q Serial No. 5 3,235.

vision may also be made for a water intake connection through a lateral opening 6 and for water or steam out-flow through a vertically rising pipe7.

The intermediate sections, whether one or more in number, will be clamped between such two side members of the boiler in the usual way, one such section 10 being shown in side elevation in Fig. 2. Each such intermediate section comprises a, hollow, overhan ing portion or crown sheet 11 that communicates freely with a vertical rear portion or pedestal 12 and is additionally joined thereto by an angularly related portion'13 of narrower transverse dimension that branches into three arms 1%, 15 and 16, thus joining the same to the vertical portion 12 and simultaneously serving to form the rear wall. of the lire chamber 17. The resulting openings 18, 19 and 20 form successive expansion chambers for the gases of combustion which, rising from the lire or combustion chamber '17, pass through such chambers 18, 19 and 20 one after the other, as indicated by the direc-. tion arrows in Fig. 2. T he angularly related portion 13 1s widened ust in tront of chambers 19 and 20 in the form o1 a semi-circular of the section as shown; also in connection with'said semi-circular rib 21 and a portion of the central branch 15 of the angularly relatedportion 13 of the section.

It will be noted that a transverse closure 31in the space back of the hollow rib 21, extends forwardly from the vertical portion 12 of the several sections approximately onehalfthe' distance toward the concave side of the said rib, and that as a result a circuitous or zigzag passage is provided for the gases of combustion in this part of the boiler. After escaping from the last expansion chamber 20, the gases are finally dischar ed through chamber 22 intoa line 23. Each 0]": the intermediate sections is provideo with transverse openings 24 in alignment with the (it) i water intake openings 6 of the side sections 1; and also at a suitable point in the overhanging horizontal portion 11, each such intermediate section is provided with openings 25 by means of which such overhanging portions are interconnected with each other and with the riser 7. The latter it will be understood need not necessarily be located in one of the end sections but may extend upwardly from one of the intern'iediate sections if, for any reason, found more convcnient in connecting up the boiler.

The boiler front 26 and the grate 27 may be of any standard type of construction and the same remark applies to the draft regulator and other accessory features of the boiler. Attention is, however, 'alled to the provision of an air jet consisting of a short length of pipe or channel 28 extending inwardly between the angularly related portions 13 of adjacent intermediate sections of the boiler, whereby air is admitted to the restricted combustion passageways, each channel being disposed at the hottest point above the combustion chamber and thus the air drawn therethrough is heated to a high temperature and when discharged from the inner end of said channel is caused to mingle with the gases of combustion rising from the grate and produce more complete combustion in the circuitous passagmvays above described.

From the foregoing construction it will be seen that such gases of COlIllJllStlOIl must necessarily rise by reason of the battle wall 21 and whether thus mixed with preheated air or not, such gases pass through between the main body of the angularly related portions 13 of the several intermediate sections into the first expansion chamber 18. Thence they pass in succession about branches 14 into the second expansion chamber 19; about branches into the third expansion chamber and finally about branches 16 into flue chamber 22. Each successive expansion chamber being of greater volume than the restricted passageways between the inclined members 13 and the branches thereof causes thorough inter-mixture and combustion of the gases and their adequate contact with the adjacent walls of said chambers and allows them to deliver the greater portion of their heat through the walls of the several sections to the surrounding water. It will further be noted that in the lowermost expansion chamber, where the gases are necessarily at the lowest temperature before being discharged from the boiler, they are surrounded by the very coldest water as it enters through openings 6 and It will further be seen that each intermediate section is a complete boiler in itself, irrespective of the number of such sections, so that the ratio of ctlicienc-y is the same whether the boiler a five section or a twenty-five section boiler. The draft door being in the front of the boiler and the exit in the rear, there is no chance for the draft to short circuit, as would be the case if the draft came into the fire box at the end where the tines draw the gases out.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention 1. In a boiler of the type described, the combination with suitable side sections, of intermediate sections adapted to be clamped therebetween, each such intermediate section being provided with lateral ports for the free passage of water and steam and being formed with a vertical pedestal constituting a portion of the rear wall of the boiler, a member projecting forwardly from the upper end of said pedestal and constituting a portion of the top wall or crown-sheet of the boiler, an angular-1y related member of less transverse dimension than said top member and pedestal extending downwardly and rcarwardly from the former to the latter, the rear portion of said angularly related member being branched where it joins said pedestal and having lateral extensions at the front of such branches to form a rearwardly curving back wall for the combustion chamber, a transverse closure including a hollow water-carrying chamber communicating with adjacent chambers, extending forwardly from the pedestal toward the co11- cave side of such back-wall so as to form a circuitous passage through which the gases from such combustion chamber after rising to the top of the boiler are caused to pass downwardly and the openings between said branches and their adjacent chambers forming a series of connected combustion and heat absorption passageways, of alternately enlarged and restricted size, and a flue-chamber located below the lowermost of such branches.

9. In a boiler of the type described, the combination with suitable side sections, of intermediate sections adapted to be clamped therebetween, each such intermediate section being formed with a vertical pedestal constituting a portion of the rear wall of the boiler, a member projecting forwardly from the upper end of said pedestal and constituting a portion of the top wall or crownsheet section of the boiler, and an singularly related member of less transverse dimension than said top member and pedestal extending downwardly and rearwardly from the former to the latter, the rear portion of said angularly related member being branched where it joins said pedestal and having lateral extensions at the front 'ofsuch branches to .form a rearwardly curvingwater-carry ing back-wall for the combustion chamber in the boiler, a transverse closure including a hollow water-carrying chamber communieating with adjacent chambers and extending forwardly from the pedestal toward the concave side of said back-wall, means for admitting air below said combustion chamber, and means for supplying air, and heating the same, above said combustion chamber, the space between such back wall, transverse closure and pedestal forming a circuitous passageway through which the gases from suclrcombustion chamber after rising to the top of the boiler are caused to mingle with the heated air of said second air supply and then to pass downwardly, and the openings between said branches of said angular members forming a series of connected combustion and heat absorption passageways of alternately enlarged and restricted size.

3. In a boiler of the type described, the combination with suitable side sections, of intermediate sections adapted to be clamped therebetween, each such intermediate section being formed with a vertical pedestal constituting a portion of the rear wall of the boiler, a member projecting forwardly from the upper end of said pedestal and constituting a portion of the top wall or crownsheet section of the boiler, and an angularly related member of less transverse dimension than said top member and pedestal extending downwardly and rearwardly from the former to the latter, the rear portion of said angularly related member being branched where it joins said pedestal and having lateral extensions at the front of such branches to form a rearwardly curving water-carrying back-wall for the combustion chamber in the boiler, a transverse closure including a hollow water-carrying chamber communieating with adjacent chambers and extending forwardly from the pedestal toward the concave side of said back-wall, means for admitting air below said combustion chamber, and a series of channels disposed above the combustion chamber between said angularly related members of less transverse dimension for supplying air and heating the same, the space-between such back Wall, transverse closure and pedestal forming a circuitous passageway through which the gases from such combustion chamber after rising to the top of the boiler are caused to mingle with the heated air of-said second air supply and then to pass downwardly, and the openings between said branches of said angular members forming a series of connected combustion and heat absorption passageways of alternately enlarged and restricted size.

Signed by me this 10th day of March, 1922.

JOHN B. BERNHARD. 

